Breast Cancer Recurrence Rates Stage
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women affecting one in eight women during their lives. Can occur at any time, but the risk of developing increases as women get older. It is much more common in postmenopausal women and the risk continues to increase with increasing age.
Cause
The cause of breast cancer is unknown and, although it can occur in men, the much higher incidence in women involves estrogen.
Today, cancer breast and other cancers, it is considered that the end result of several environmental and hereditary factors.
Breathing secondhand smoke increases the risk breast cancer by 70% in young, primarily premenopausal women.
A recently published study indicates a correlation between the decline in breast cancer and the decline in women taking HRT.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Breast cancer causes many fears, including those for surgery, death, loss of body image and loss of sexuality, however, is more easily treated and often curable if detected early, so the normal self-examination and detection is critical. Breast cancer usually appears as a lump or thickening in the breast tissue, although most tumors breast are not cancerous.
Some predisposing factors are clear.
Women at high risk are those who:
Have a family history of breast cancer.
They have long menstrual cycles, began early menstruation or late menopause.
Never been pregnant
They were first pregnancies after 31.
He has had unilateral breast cancer.
Endometrial cancer or ovarian cancer.
Were exposed to low level ionizing radiation.
Many other possible factors are still under investigation, including obesity, alcohol and environmental factors.
Those with less risk are women that:
She was pregnant before age 20.
Have had multiple pregnancies.
They are native to America or Asia.
Breast cancer is more frequent chest and left upper quadrant.
Indications of breast cancer than a lump may include changes in breast size or shape, dimpling of the skin, nipple inversion, or spontaneous single-nipple discharge.
TYPES
When the breast cancer cells invade the lymph vessels dermal small lymphatic vessels in the skin of the breast, its presentation can resemble skin inflammation and thus is known as breast cancer inflammatory (IBC). Symptoms of inflammatory breast cancer include pain, swelling, warmth and redness throughout the breast and an orange peel texture the skin known as orange peel.
The most common pathologic types of breast cancer are invasive ductal carcinoma, malignant cancer in the ducts of the breast and invasive lobular carcinoma, malignant cancer of the breast lobules.
Occasionally, breast cancer presents as metastatic disease ie cancer that has spread beyond the original organ. Bone or joint pains can sometimes be manifestations of metastatic breast cancer, as can jaundice or neurological symptoms.
TREATMENT
There is still much controversy over the treatment of breast cancer, options include: surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy, Herceptin and complementary treatments.
The mainstay of breast cancer treatment is surgery when the tumor is localized, with possible adjuvant hormonal therapy (with tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor), chemotherapy and / or radiotherapy.
In February 2007, MammaPrint became the first breast cancer predictor to obtain formal approval from the Food and Drug Administration. This is a new genetic test to help predict whether women with early-stage breast cancer will fall by 5 or 10 years, this could help influence how aggressively the initial tumor in question.
Interstitial laser thermotherapy (ILT) is an innovative method of treatment of breast cancer and minimally invasive way without the need for surgical removal, and the absence of any adverse effects on health and survival of the patient during the follow through.
PREVENTION
Routine (annual) mammography of women over age 40 or 50 is recommended by numerous organizations as a screening method to diagnose early breast cancer has shown a protective effect in several clinical trials.
Women with one or more first-degree relative (mother, sister, daughter) with premenopausal breast cancer should begin screening at an earlier age.
PROGNOSIS
There are many prognostic factors associated with breast cancer: staging, size of and tumor location, grade, if the disease is systemic (has metastasized, or traveled to other parts of the body), recurrence of the disease, and age patient.
With advances in detection, diagnosis and treatment, the mortality rate from breast cancer has decreased by 20% over the last decade, and research is ongoing to develop more effective screening and treatment.
